I’ve been scanning a lot of documents using preview recently(!) and the resulting PDFs are often super huge. You can always use one of the online PDF compressing services if you only have a few documents. However, this can get really slow if you have a significant number of docs to process. Or you can use ghostscript :)
Install Ghostscript
brew update
brew install gs
Compress!
gs -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dCompatibilityLevel=1.4 -dPDFSETTINGS=/ebook -dNOPAUSE -dQUIET -dBATCH -sOutputFile=output.pdf scanned_document.pdf
Refer the ghostscript manual for more info.